What does a suction accumulator do in a refrigeration system?

The suction accumulator plays a critical role in a refrigeration system by preventing liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor. In a typical refrigeration cycle, refrigerant vapor exits the evaporator and travels to the compressor. However, if liquid refrigerant were to enter the compressor, it could cause damage due to hydraulic lock, as compressors are designed to compress gas rather than liquid.

The suction accumulator acts as a buffer, allowing only vapor to be drawn into the compressor while temporarily storing any excess liquid refrigerant that may have made its way through the system. By ensuring that only vapor is delivered to the compressor, the accumulator helps maintain the efficiency and longevity of the system, as well as preventing potential mechanical failures.

This function is crucial, especially during varying load conditions where liquid refrigerant may accumulate due to low-temperature operation or fluctuations in refrigerant flow. Therefore, the correct choice highlights the essential protective mechanism the suction accumulator serves within the refrigeration cycle.