What is the primary function of a suction accumulator in a refrigeration system?

The primary function of a suction accumulator in a refrigeration system is to prevent liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor. This component plays a critical role in ensuring the reliable operation of the compressor and the overall efficiency of the refrigeration system.

When the system moves refrigerant vapor from the evaporator to the compressor, it is essential that only vapor reaches the compressor inlet. If liquid refrigerant enters the compressor, it can cause serious damage, potentially leading to compressor failure through a process known as liquid slugging. The suction accumulator acts as a temporary reservoir, allowing any liquid refrigerant that inadvertently accumulates to remain in the accumulator until it evaporates back into vapor. This ensures that only gas is supplied to the compressor, promoting safe and effective operation.

Other functions may include some level of equalization of pressure and flow within the system, but the primary concern is the protection of the compressor from liquid refrigerant. This makes the accumulator an essential safety feature in refrigeration systems, preventing malfunction and maintaining efficiency.